By Dr. Amy Butterfield-Tozzo
In my journey with my son, I’ve learned how important it is to start secondary transition planning early, particularly when helping him discover a career path. Employment options for people on the autism spectrum vary widely, depending on individual abilities and needs. Finding the right match isn’t just about a paycheck; it’s about setting up an environment where our loved ones can thrive, feel valued, and contribute meaningfully. It’s not a job but a career!
Understanding different employment types and which may suit your child’s strengths and needs can make a significant difference. In this article, I will explore job classifications for various autism profiles and discuss practical tips for selecting the correct type of work.
Types of Employment for Individuals on the Spectrum
In “A Parent’s Guide to Asperger Syndrome and High-Functioning Autism,” the authors outline three main categories of employment for individuals with autism: competitive employment, supported employment, and sheltered employment. Each type offers a different level of independence and support, which can be crucial when considering the best fit for your child.
- Competitive Employment
This type of employment is suited for individuals who are able to work independently, without significant external support. High-functioning individuals, often do well in competitive employment if matched to roles that fit their strengths, such as attention to detail or technical skills. My son, who has interned at National Parks, engaging in hands-on tasks like building fences and participating in archaeological digs with park archaeologists, may one day find a path here as we work to develop his self-advocacy and workplace skills. - Supported Employment
Supported employment offers a middle ground, where individuals work in regular job settings but have access to support systems. Jobs may be tailored to their abilities, and a job coach or support team can provide assistance. Supported employment can be ideal for young adults who thrive with structure but may need help with social skills, managing schedules, or overcoming anxiety. This can be a great starting point, especially if competitive employment feels too overwhelming. - Secure or Sheltered Employment
For individuals who need a higher level of support, sheltered employment provides a controlled environment with specialized accommodations. This type of employment is often found in community-based programs or facilities that understand the needs of individuals with significant developmental disabilities. Though these jobs can be more limited, they offer a safe and structured setting where individuals can develop skills, enjoy routine, and feel a sense of accomplishment.
Job Options Based on Skill Levels
Finding the right job requires understanding an individual’s strengths, challenges, and interests. Below, I’ve outlined job ideas based on two broad categories: non-verbal autism and high-functioning autism.
For individuals with non-verbal autism, communication barriers might limit some job options, but there are still many opportunities where they can excel. These roles often focus on tasks that require consistency, attention to detail, and physical activity rather than verbal communication.
Some suitable job options for non-verbal individuals include:
- Librarian Assistant: Organizing books or assisting with simple library tasks.
- Factory Assembly Worker: Performing repetitive tasks with precision.
- Janitor or Custodial Work: Keeping facilities clean and organized.
- Restocking Shelves: Managing inventory and stocking items in stores.
- Recycling Plant Worker: Sorting materials in a structured environment.
- Warehouse Management: Supporting inventory and organization in a warehouse setting.
- Lawn and Garden Work: Taking care of outdoor spaces, which can be relaxing and rewarding.
- Data Entry: Entering information where attention to detail is essential.
- Flower Arrangement: Creative but routine-based, flower arranging can be therapeutic and fulfilling.
Jobs for High-Functioning Autism
Individuals with high-functioning autism or Asperger’s Syndrome often have specific skill sets that make them well-suited for roles requiring technical abilities, precision, or deep focus. Jobs that play to these strengths can provide stability and a sense of purpose.
Some ideal job choices for people with high-functioning autism include:
- Computer Programming: Writing code and troubleshooting, where detailed focus is beneficial.
- Drafting: Creating technical drawings, which is often solitary and meticulous.
- Photography: A creative outlet that doesn’t require constant social interaction.
- Equipment Designing: Designing tools or equipment, often in a controlled, independent setting.
- Automotive Mechanic: Working with machines, which can be hands-on and less social.
- Accounting: Managing numbers and financial details, which can be structured and predictable.
- Taxi or Delivery Driver: For those comfortable with driving, this role involves structure and routines.
- Physicist or Mathematician: Roles requiring analytical thinking, often in quieter environments.
- Animal Trainer: For individuals who connect with animals more easily than people.
Tips for Choosing the Best Jobs for Individuals with Autism
Finding the right job for an individual on the spectrum involves thoughtful planning. Here are some tips that I’ve found helpful in supporting my son and other families as they navigate the world of employment.
- Match Jobs to Interests and Strengths: Seek roles that align with the individual’s natural interests. My son’s love for the outdoors and passion for environmental protection guide him toward roles that allow him to engage directly with nature.
- Work on Social Skills: Even if the job doesn’t require extensive interaction, building basic social skills helps communicate and navigate workplace environments.
- Practice Skills to Build Confidence: Encourage your child to practice specific skills through internships, volunteering, or even home-based activities to gain confidence.
- Find Inclusive Employers: Companies championing neurodiversity are more likely to provide the accommodations and understanding needed. Research local businesses that may already have inclusive hiring practices.
- Be Transparent About Abilities and Needs: It’s essential to be upfront about any disabilities with potential employers. This can help create a workplace environment that respects and supports the individual’s unique needs.
Building a Path Forward
The journey to employment is a milestone that can be both exciting and challenging. For individuals on the autism spectrum, entering the workforce requires not just resilience but a robust support system and a customized approach. As parents, we must advocate tirelessly, pushing for inclusive hiring practices and encouraging our children to take pride in their strengths. More companies are recognizing the potential of neurodiverse employees, and with early preparation, individuals with autism can find fulfilling careers.
Starting secondary transition early is about building a solid foundation for job skills and a lifetime of growth, self-advocacy, and independence. With the proper planning, we can help our children on the spectrum not only enter the workforce but also find roles that celebrate their unique abilities. The road may be long, but every step forward counts toward a brighter future for all.